How to Calculate SGPA and CGPA Step by Step

SGPA formula

For one semester, multiply each course grade point by its credits, add the results and divide by the total included credits. This gives a credit-weighted semester average.

Worked SGPA example

Suppose three courses have grade points 8, 9 and 7 with credits 4, 3 and 2. The quality points are 32, 27 and 14. Total quality points are 73 and total credits are 9, so SGPA is about 8.11.

From SGPA to CGPA

To combine semesters, use semester credit totals as weights when they differ. Add SGPA × semester credits for each semester, then divide by total credits.

If your university recalculates CGPA directly from every course, that course-level method should produce the authoritative value under its policy.

Common calculation mistakes

Students often forget to weight by credits, include courses that do not count toward GPA, or use the wrong grade-point table. Another common mistake is rounding every intermediate step instead of rounding only the final result.